Abu bakr abdullah ibn uthman was a companion and, through his daughter aisha. Abu bakr research papers on the first caliph of the muslim empire. Abu bakr became the caliph on the 8th of june 632 c. Abu bakr held government to be a sacred trust, and he ran government as if he were administering the affairs of a trust.
The term includes fulfilment of all powers and activities of muhammad a. Others followed by example, and abu bakr became the first caliph by general consent of the muslims. As caliph, abu bakr succeeded to the political and administrative functions previously exercised by muhammad. Before his death abu bakr nominated hazrat umar at his successor.
Binali, jabr alrayn fi ritha aljibrin the force of death in the. Abu ruled over the rashidun caliphate from 632 to 634 ce, when he became the first muslim caliph following muhammads death. Abu bakr was brought up within his decent good parents, thus he gained a considerable selfesteem and noble status. A put his foot on the hole of that cave and allowed the scorpion to bite into his foot. Hearing about this, umar was seriously incited against khalid and asked abu bakr to oust him but the caliph called him the sword of god and refused to do so. Since the discussions have supposedly been between representatives of caliph albaghdadi of isis and al qaeda central aqc head ayman alzawahiri, in the interest of caution we should assume that the discussions are not just about a reconciliation in syria and iraq. When theres controversy, we step back and present both sides.
Another faction preferred muhammads soninlaw ali as caliph, but ali eventually submitted, and abu bakr took over governance of all muslim arabs. Following the death of the prophet, abu bakr became the first caliph of the muslim empire, the rashidun caliphate that encompassed the arabian peninsula. The rules of war, according to the caliph abu bakr. Pdf you hear rumors, like the leader of isis is in turkey. As the spiritual heirs and the instruments of the policy of abu bakr and umar, the umayyads served a period of apprenticeship at the end of which they were ready to claim. The marriage of abu bakrs daughter aishah aishah, c. To abu bakr, the office of the caliph was not a means of earthly glory. Abu bakr is remembered as the first of the four socalled rightly guided caliphs, during whose reigns many of the institutions of classical islamic civilization were developed. He preferred, however, the title khilafat alrasulallah, signifying the person who acts for muhammad a. A few days later after the prophets death, mohammads house where his daughter fatima and ali resided, was threatened with flames some say was bur. A saw a scorpion coming into the cave and abu bakr r. Islamists have long dreamed of recreating the caliphate that ruled over the middle east. He was commonly known as the truthful caliph, assaddiq.
He was probably muhammads first convert outside the prophets family and alone accompanied muhammad on the hegira. Abu bakr was a senior companion sahabah and the fatherinlaw of the islamic prophet muhammad. Muhammad asked abu bakr himself, if he could lead the public prayers during muhammadsillness. He was one of the first men to convert to islam and was chosen by the prophet as his companion on the hijrah to medina. His caliphate had been of a mere twentyseven months duration.
As caliph, abu bakr was the head of the government of the islamic state. Starting life no one has been a better companion to me than abu bakr, said the holy prophet in his last sermon. For example, it is the sunni belief that abu bakr was the rightful caliph. Sunnis regard him as his rightful successor caliph, the first of four righteous caliphs rashidun. Umar saw that the delay might lead to the reopening of the disagreements so he himself took abu bakrs hand out and pledged loyalty to him. Islamic history of khalifa abu bakr abu bakr in history. Abu bakr ebook the history of the khalifahs jalal addin assuyuti october 24, 2015 admin authors, by topic, companions sahabi, jalal addin assuyuti, muslim rulers, muslim world and homes abu bakr, ali, ali ibn abi talib, four caliphate, khulafa e rashideen, muslim rulers, the history of khilafahs, umar, umar ibn khattab. The rise of the new caliph, isis chief abu bakr albaghdadi. Abu bakr may allah be pleased with him was born in makkah in the year 573 ce christian era, two years and some months after the birth of the prophet prayers and peace be upon him. For abu bakr albaghdadi, however, it is the regime in saudi arabia that is the head of the. But abu bakr may allah be pleased with him did not stretch out his hand. Abu bakr was the closest friend and companion of muhammad and the first muslim caliph.
The contraction of the islamic state the loss of part, or all, of its caliphate may not. Among the tribes considered to be apostate, there were some people who did not believe in abu bakrs caliphate and favored the government of the prophets household. Dec 25, 2009 abdullah ibn abu bakr embraced islam long ago, he fought with prophet muhammad in his battles and died when abu bakr was caliph. Principal events of the caliphate of abu bakr a restatement. Abu bakr is remembered as the first of the four socalled rightly guided caliphs, during whose reigns many of the institutions of classical islamic civilization were. Abou bakr assiddiq, abdu llah ou atiq ibn abi quhafah. If the article says that abu bakr was the rightful caliph, weve taken sides. History of islam abu bakr assiddiq ra is the first part of the islamic history books series by darussalam publishers. Abul hasan nadwi excerpted from the life of caliph ali by abul hasan nadwithe decisive hour. Abu bakr albaghdadi served as isiss caliph, arabic for successor, since june 2014 until his death in 2019. Feb 26, 2012 the whole inaugural speech of abu bakr assiddeeq ra fits in a paragraph. Abu bakr simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. He ruled over the rashidun caliphate from 632634 ce when he became the first muslim caliph following muhammads death. Pdf to isis supporters around the globe, abu bakr al baghdadi was a.
Real voices from the caliphate talk back to abu bakr al baghdadi. Abu bakr prayed for him at his death and buried him. Mar 24, 2019 after muhammads death, abu bakr was accepted as the first deputy of the prophet of god, or caliph. The alliance of abu bakr and umar with the family of abu sufyan and the umayyads against the family of muhammad and the banu hashim was permanent and unbreakable. Abu bakr failure and achievements originally, after the death of the prophet the caliph was selected, abu bakr appointed umar by himself glasse 112. The death of the prophet was a decisive as well as a dangerous juncture for the life and death of islam. During your sermon dated 6th of ramadan 1435 ah 4th july 2014 ce, you said.
From alqaida affiliate to the rise of the islamic caliphate. Abdullah died having six dirhams, which abu bakr thought was too much. After assuming the office of caliph, abu bakrs first address was as follows. His fatherss name was usman abu quhafa and his mothers name was salma and her nicknamed was ummul khayr means mother of goodness. The term caliph was for abu bakr before anyone else. Ibrahim awwad albadri, alias abu bakr albaghdadi, to the fighters and followers of the selfdeclared islamic state, peace and the mercy of god be upon you. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Not only did albaghdadi assume the first caliphs kunya, he also copied his inauguration speech on the occasion of his own investiture. But if it says sunnis believe that abu bakr was the rightful caliph, then both sunnis and shiites would have to agree with that. The period of his caliphate covers two years, two months and fifteen days only.
Rasool allah saws was sleeping in the laps of abu bakr, subhan allah what were those moments. Abu bakr article about abu bakr by the free dictionary. The pages which were compiled during the time of caliph abu bakr were known as a mushaf. Islamic history of khalifa abu bakr political, social. Ali supported islam under the first caliph, but never supported the government of the first caliph. Introduction to abu bakr and his characteristics sunni world. Judged by the usual standards this was certainty too short a period to make an impact on history. Western women in jihad, triumph of conservatism or. Abu bakr, companion and adviser of the prophet muhammad, who assumed muhammads political and administrative functions after his death. Abu bakr may allah be pleased with him did his best in missionary, he immediately began to preach islam to others. Pdf real voices from the caliphate talk back to abu bakr al. Abu bakr albaghdadi, leader of the islamic state, july 21, 20126. Some reports indicate or claim that isis and al qaeda are discussing a merger. After abu bakr, this mushaf was transferred to caliph umar and stayed with him during his lifetime.
Abu bakr did not move because he did not want to wake up the prophet saws. One group of followers held that muhammad himself had chosen ali, his cousin and soninlaw, as his successor. To help younger generation of 21st century,this is a dedicated book series by darussalam that presents the entire history of islam in a simple language. The actual name of abu bakr ra is abdullah ibn abi quhafa.
Uu radhi allahu anhu a may allah be pleased with him was the ideal muslim, surpassing all other companions in every sphere of life. Abu bakr was muhammads fatherinlaw and, after the prophets death, the first caliph. Abu bakr was born in mecca to a wealthy bedouin family and. Biography of the first muslim caliph abu bakr siddiq. In assuming the title, baghdadi declared himself the religious, political, and military leader of all muslims. Full text of the biography of abu bakr assiddeeq ra. Shortly after the prophets s demise, abu bakr and some other companions of the prophet s gathered in saqifa bani saida to choose the caliph of muslims against the will of the prophet s regarding the caliphate of imam ali a. In that speech the first caliph, abu bakr, urged the community to assist him and to correct him if he deviated from the right path. This word literally means a manuscript that is bound between two covers as a single volume. Baghdad was the capital of the grandest caliphate in early islam, the abbasid dynasty. The new caliph is even called abu bakr, just like the first leader of the muslim community who assumed office after the death of the prophet muhammad. When abu bakr embraced islam, the prophet prayers and peace be upon him was overjoyed, as abu bakr was a source of triumph for islam, due to his intimacy with quraish and his noble character that allah has exalted him.
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